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Insight
Brexit next steps: Replacing the UK’s MEPs
When the UK leaves the EU, UK MEPs will vacate their seats. Some of these seats will be taken up by new MEPs from the remaining 27 EU Member States. This Insight explains the background and impact of those changes to the European Parliament.
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Debate Pack
Antarctica science and diplomacy
A Westminster Hall debate on ‘Antarctica science and diplomacy’ has been scheduled for Tuesday 28 January 2020, from 2.30-4:00pm. The debate has been initiated by James Gray MP.
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Insight
Brexit next steps: Ratifying the EU Withdrawal Agreement
The EU (Withdrawal Agreement) Bill passed its Parliamentary stages on Wednesday, 22 January. This insight sets out the steps required for the Withdrawal Agreement to be ratified by both the UK and EU.
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Insight
Brexit: What happens next?
What are the possible next steps on Brexit in the new Parliament?
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Research Briefing
Brexit Glossary
This Commons Library research briefing contains a list of commonly-used terms and acronyms that have needed clarification since the United Kingdom voted in the June 2016 EU referendum.
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Research Briefing
Planning for a no-deal Brexit
After Boris Johnson became Prime Minister in July 2019 the Government intensified planning for a no-deal Brexit and stressed its intention to take the UK out of the EU on 31 October with or without a deal. But the UK remained in the EU after 31 October after a further extension of the Article 50 period was agreed with the EU. A no-deal Brexit however remains the default outcome if an agreement is not ratified. This briefing paper provides an overview of Government and EU preparations for a no-deal Brexit, and of recent reports analysing the possible impact of this outcome
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Insight
What does the latest Brexit delay mean for the UK and EU?
The UK Government and the EU have a agreed a third extension of the Article 50 period. How was that decision reached? What was agreed? And what are the implications of the UK's ongoing EU membership?
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Research Briefing
Revisions to the Political Declaration on the framework for future EU-UK relations
The UK and EU agreed a revised Political Declaration on the framework for the future UK-EU relationship on 17 October. This Briefing provides an outline of the contents of the Declaration and the key changes in the revised text
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Research Briefing
The October 2019 EU UK Withdrawal Agreement
Boris Johnson's Government have negotiated a new 'deal' with the European Union. It is formed of a Political Declaration and a Withdrawal Agreement. This paper focuses on the Withdrawal Agreement and how it compares to the one negotiated by Theresa May's Government in November 2018. The main differences are in the Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland or the 'backstop' as it is commonly known. It contains very different arrangements, the UK will no longer be in a single customs territory or union with the EU. The UK will no longer be legally bound to continue with level playing field commitments at the end of the transition period. Northern Ireland will still be in the UK's customs territory and VAT area, however, the region will align with the EU's rules in these areas. Northern Ireland will remain mostly aligned to the EU's regulations for goods. Four years after the end of the transition period Northern Ireland's democratic institutions will vote on whether they wish to continue the arrangements in the Protocol.
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Insight
Brexit scenarios: What could happen after the European Council meeting?
The 'Benn Act' places several requirements on the Government which also make this European Council meeting significant.
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Research Briefing
UK replacement of the EU’s external agreements after Brexit
The EU has over a thousand international agreements with non-EU countries, covering trade, aviation, nuclear co-operation and other issues. These will cease to apply to the UK when it leaves the EU. The Government has identified 157 agreements with non-EU countries that it is seeking in order to replace these arrangements in the event of a no deal Brexit. Some agreements have already been concluded, but engagement is ongoing for most of these and some will not be in place by the scheduled Brexit day of 31 October.
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Research Briefing
A no-deal Brexit: the Johnson Government
Commons Briefing Paper 8397, What if there's no Brexit deal? considered among other things how the UK and the EU arrived at a situation in which a no-deal Brexit might happen. This paper considers the position since Boris Johnson became Prime Minister in July.
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Research Briefing
The United Nations Global Compact for Migration
The Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration was formally adopted by 164 Member States of the United Nations, including the UK, in December 2018. This briefing explains what's in the Compact and its implications for Member States.
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Research Briefing
The UK’s EU Withdrawal Agreement
This briefing looks in detail at the Withdrawal Agreement negotiated between the EU and UK and finalised on 14 November 2018. It was endorsed by EU Member State leaders at a special European Council summit on 25 November and the UK Prime Minister promoted it in the UK Parliament and around the country. The Agreement was debated at length in Parliament on several occasions and has been voted on three times. But the House of Commons has not endorsed it. A second extension of Article 50 took exit day to 31 October 2019, but once again the UK is faced with the possibility of leaving the EU without an agreement if this agreement or another one is not ratified by the UK and the EU.
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