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Data on migrants and benefits is incomplete and fragmented, not routinely available from a single source.

This is because the nationality of benefit claimants is not information routinely gathered by either DWP or HMRC when administering benefits or tax credits. As a result, we are reliant on indirect, often ad hoc analysis – such as of the nationality of current benefit claimants at time of registration for a National Insurance Number – to estimate rates of benefit receipt among migrants in the UK.

This paper brings together the UK’s main data sources on benefits and tax credits paid to migrants living in the UK.

It provides data on:

  • The nationality of current DWP benefit claimants at point of registration for a National Insurance Number (NINo) and the proportion of these who were in- and out- of work
  • The nationality of claimants of HMRC Child and Working Tax Credits at point of registration for a NINo and the proportion of these who were in-work
  • The number of claimants to whom Child Benefit is paid for children resident elsewhere in the European Economic Area (EEA)
  • The number of Child Benefit claimants who were non-UK nationals at point of registration for a NINo

Pages 4 to 8 answer frequently asked questions on statistics on migrants and benefits, including summary analysis of:

  • The proportion of current benefit claimants who were non-UK nationals at point of registration for a National Insurance number…
  • … and the proportion of these who are in- and out- of work
  • Expenditure on benefits and tax credits received by EEA-led claims
  • The discrepancy between long-term immigration estimates (LTIM) and the number of NINo registrations

Section 6, below, provides further reading on migration and asylum statistics, on migrant’s access to UK benefits and on proposals to restrict this access.

Further information

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