Special Educational Needs: support in England
An overview of the current system of support for children and young people with special educational needs, and pressure on the system. Updated with new 2024-25 SEND incidence and EHC plan data

This House of Commons briefing paper discusses the post-18 education and student finance review and gives an outline of the post- 18 funding system in England. It suggests possible options for reform that the Review may propose, such as the lowering of higher education tuition fees and analyses the impact of these proposals.
The forthcoming review of post-18 education and funding (6 MB , PDF)
This briefing paper was last updated in February 2019 and will no longer be updated. For more recent information on the review see the paper The Post-18 Education and Funding Review: Government conclusion |
The funding of post-18 education and student finance has undergone a period of constant policy change since 2012.
Raising higher education tuition fees and abolishing maintenance grants have cut public spending at the expense of increased student debt. These reforms have prompted much debate about the cost and value of higher education and intensified scrutiny of the funding system.
In February 2018, the Prime Minister announced a wide-ranging Review of Post-18 Education and Funding led by Philip Augar, the Review is due to report in the Spring 2019. The terms of reference of the Review state that Review will focus on:
The Review recommendations will be consistent with the Government’s fiscal policies to reduce the deficit and will not place a cap on the number of students who can benefit from post-18 education. Student contributions towards the cost of their studies, including the level, terms and duration of their contribution will be considered.
It is hoped that the Review will create a more overarching system that will allow students to move more easily between FE and HE and will facilitate life-long learning and increase skills.
This briefing paper discusses the Review process and gives an outline of the post 18 funding system in England. It suggests possible options for reform that the Review may propose, such as the lowering of higher education tuition fees and analyses the impact of these proposals:
The following library briefing papers are of relevance
The forthcoming review of post-18 education and funding (6 MB , PDF)
An overview of the current system of support for children and young people with special educational needs, and pressure on the system. Updated with new 2024-25 SEND incidence and EHC plan data
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