This paper describes what steps the Child Maintenance Service (CMS) may take when a Non-Resident Parent (also known as a “Paying Parent”) fails to pay child maintenance on time or in full. It also provides information on the application, collection and enforcement fees charged by the CMS, and briefly summarises analysis on the effectiveness of the CMS’s enforcement and collection system. This paper relates primary to Great Britain: Section 6 describes Northern Ireland’s system.
Documents to download
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Covenants on freehold land (1 MB, PDF)
Freehold land can be registered at HM Land Registry or unregistered (i.e. the owner of the land will have in their possession a bundle of deeds). Freehold land can be affected by third-party interests, including covenants.
Freehold land can be subject to positive or restrictive covenants. In the simplest of terms, a covenant is a rule governing what can and cannot be done on the land which is burdened with the covenant. A positive covenant imposes an obligation to carry out some positive action in relation to land or requires expenditure of money. A restrictive covenant (also known as a negative covenant) consists of an agreement in a deed that one party will restrict the use of its land in some way for the benefit of another’s land.
This distinction between positive and restrictive covenants is important. The burden (i.e. the obligation to observe a covenant) does not generally bind successors in title where a covenant is positive in nature, but it may do so if the covenant is restrictive.
This Library briefing paper provides general information about the freehold covenants. Specifically, detecting, enforcing, modifying or releasing a covenant.
Documents to download
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Covenants on freehold land (1 MB, PDF)
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This House of Commons Library briefing paper outlines the measures taken in England to support rough sleepers, and those at risk of rough sleeping, during the coronavirus (Covid-19) outbreak. It discusses the impact of these measures and stakeholder comment.
