Scottish independence referendum: legal issues
A briefing paper on the legal issues surrounding a Scottish independence referendum

This Commons Library Briefing Paper sets out results of the by-elections held in the 2019 Parliament. Full details are presented in the associated PDF but an overview of the recent by-election results are shown below.
By-elections in the 2019 Parliament (1 MB , PDF)
Jill Mortimer (Conservative) – 15,529 (51.9%)
Paul Williams (Labour) – 8,589 (28.7%)
Sam Lee (Independent) – 2,904 (9.7%)
Others (13 other candidates) – 2,911 (9.7%)
Majority of winning candidate – 6,940 (23.2%)
Anum Qaisar-Javed (SNP) – 10,129 (46.4%)
Kenneth Stevenson (Labour) – 8,372 (38.4%)
Ben Callaghan (Conservative) – 2,812 (12.9%)
Others (5 other candidates) – 514 (2.4%)
Majority of winning candidate – 1,757 (8.0%)
Sarah Green (Liberal Democrat) – 21,517 (56.7%)
Peter Fleet (Conservative) – 13,489 (35.5%)
Others (6 other candidates) – 2,948 (7.8%)
Majority of winning candidate – 8,028 (21.2%)
Kim Leadbeater (Labour) – 13,296 (35.3%)
Ryan Stephenson (Conservative) – 12,973 (34.4%)
George Galloway (Workers) – 8,264 (21.9%)
Others (13 other candidates) – 3,162 (8.4%)
Majority of winning candidate – 323 (0.9%)
Louie French (Conservative)- 11,189 (51.5%)
Daniel Francis (Labour)- 6,711 (30.9%)
Richard Tice (Reform UK)- 1,432 (6.6%)
Others (8 other candidates)- 2,371 (10.9%)
Majority of winning candidate- 4,478 (20.6%)
Helen Morgan (Liberal Democrat)- 17,957 (47.2%)
Neil Shastri-Hurst (Conservative)- 12,032 (31.6%)
Ben Wood (Labour)- 3,686 (9.7%)
Others (11 other candidates)- 4,347 (11.4%)
Majority of winning candidate- 5,925 (15.6%)
Anna Firth (Conservative)- 12,792 (86.1%)
Others (8 other candidates)*- 2,066
Majority of winning candidate- 12,280 (82.6%)
*Note Labour, Liberal Democrats and Green party chose not to stand.
Paulette Hamilton (Labour)- 9,413 (55.5%)
Robert Alden (Conservative)- 6,147 (36.3%)
Others (10 other candidates)- 1,397 (8.2%)
Majority of winning candidate- 3,266 (19.3%)
Richard Foord (Liberal Democrat)- 22,537 (52.9%)
Helen Hurford (Conservative)- 16,393 (38.5%)
Others (6 other candidates)- 3,661 (8.6%)
Majority of winning candidate- 6,144 (14.4%)
Simon Lightwood (Labour)- 13,166 (47.9%)
Nadeem Ahmed (Conservative)- 8,241 (30.0%)
Akef-Akbar (Independent)- 2,090 (7.6%)
Others (12 other candidates)- 3,969 (14.5%)
Majority of winning candidate- 4,925 (17.9%)
By-elections in the 2019 Parliament (1 MB , PDF)
A briefing paper on the legal issues surrounding a Scottish independence referendum
This list notes when a Member has changed allegiance from one political party to another or decided to sit as an independent MP. Instances of Members losing or resigning a party whip are also noted.
This briefing outlines the remit and powers of the Committee of Privileges. It also provides brief details of matters referred to the Committee since 1979.