Voting systems in the UK
This briefing provides an overview of the different voting systems currently used for elections in the UK. It also examines the pros and cons of different systems.

Nigeria held a presidential election on Saturday 25 February 2023. Bola Tinubu, of the ruling All Progressives Congress, won the election in the first round.
Nigeria: 2023 presidential election (2 MB , PDF)
The presidential election was the seventh since the country re-established its democracy in 1999.
18 candidates contested the election, although only three had a realistic chance of winning: Atiku Abubakar, Peter Obi and Bola Tinubu.
Nigeria’s economy and national security dominated the election campaign, with rising inflation and high rates of violent crime key issues for voters.
Bola Tinubu won the election, although the two main opposition parties have since filed legal petitions asking the Appeals Court to invalidate the election and for a new election to be organised.
Nigeria: 2023 presidential election (2 MB , PDF)
This briefing provides an overview of the different voting systems currently used for elections in the UK. It also examines the pros and cons of different systems.
The briefing sets out international commitments on freedom of religion or belief, reports of discrimination, and UK international work on the issue.
The Absent Voting (Elections in Scotland and Wales) Bill would allow for the alignment of rules on absent voting arrangements between reserved and devolved elections in Scotland and Wales.