UK parliamentary by-elections since 1945
This list notes the number of by-elections by session since 1945-46 and also lists the successful candidate in by-elections since 2005.

Debate Pack for the Westminster Hall Debate on the abuse and intimidation of candidates and the public in UK elections on 12 July 2017.
Abuse and intimidation of candidates and the public in UK elections (131 KB , PDF)
This pack has been prepared ahead of the debate to be held in Westminster Hall on Wednesday 12 July 2017 from 4.30-5.30pm on abuse and intimidation of candidates and the public in UK elections. The debate will be led by Simon Hart MP.
Following complaints from MPs about abuse at the election, the Prime Minister held a cabinet discussion on Tuesday 4 July about their concerns. This pack provides background to the issues, a selection of media articles and links to parliamentary questions and debates on the subject.
Links to Commons Library briefings on online abuse and harassment can be found in the further reading section
Abuse and intimidation of candidates and the public in UK elections (131 KB , PDF)
This list notes the number of by-elections by session since 1945-46 and also lists the successful candidate in by-elections since 2005.
This Commons Library Briefing Paper sets out results of the by-elections held in the 2019 Parliament. Full details are presented in the associated PDF but an overview of the recent by-election results are shown below.
A briefing paper on the legal issues surrounding a Scottish independence referendum