This paper will provide a brief overview of principles of international law, including how it works, its sources, and what happens when states breach their international obligations.
Documents to download
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The Treaty of Lisbon after the Second Irish Referdum (523 KB, PDF)
In a referendum on 2 October 2009 the Republic of Ireland voted by 67.1% to 32.9% in favour of ratifying the Treaty of Lisbon, having voted against its ratification in June 2008. Politically, the second vote was predicated on concessions agreed by the European Council in December 2008 and confirmed in June 2009 as “guarantees” to be formalised in a protocol attached to the next accession treaty. The positive Irish vote was welcomed by the EU institutions and other Member States, but Poland and the Czech Republic still have not completed ratification. This paper looks at the background to the referendum and other ratification developments.
Documents to download
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The Treaty of Lisbon after the Second Irish Referdum (523 KB, PDF)
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