UK parliamentary by-elections since 1945
This list notes the number of by-elections by session since 1945-46 together with a list of the the successful candidates in by-elections since 2005.

The Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Bill was introduced on 22 July 2010 and introduces new Rules for Redistribution which make provision for the number of constituencies to be reduced to 600. This note looks briefly at the current Rules for Redistribution and at recent calls for the Rules to be changed; details of the length of time it has taken to carry out periodical reviews of Parliamentary constituencies are also given. A summary of the Bill's main provisions is also included.
Reducing the size of the House of Commons (150 KB , PDF)
This briefing is no longer being updated. It has been replaced by another Library briefing paper: Constituency boundary reviews and the number of MPs.
The Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Bill was introduced on 22 July 2010 and introduces new Rules for Redistribution which make provision for the number of constituencies to be reduced to 600. This note looks briefly at the current Rules for Redistribution and at recent calls for the Rules to be changed; details of the length of time it has taken to carry out periodical reviews of Parliamentary constituencies are also given. A summary of the Bill’s main provisions is also included.
Reducing the size of the House of Commons (150 KB , PDF)
This list notes the number of by-elections by session since 1945-46 together with a list of the the successful candidates in by-elections since 2005.
State visits are formal international visits by heads of state. In the UK, the King hosts “inbound” state visits and embarks upon “outbound” state visits.
A research briefing on the office and role of the Speaker of the House of Commons