Scottish independence referendum: legal issues
A briefing paper on the legal issues surrounding a Scottish independence referendum

The by-election in Rochester and Strood on 20 November 2014 was the 21st since the 2010 General Election. UKIP took the seat from the Conservatives with a majority of 2,920, pushing the Conservatives into second place.
By-elections 2010-15 (243 KB , PDF)
This research briefing sets out results of the 21 by-elections held during the 2010-15 Parliament.
Results for previous by-elections for parliaments since 1997 are available on the Parliament website.
By-elections 2010-15 (243 KB , PDF)
A briefing paper on the legal issues surrounding a Scottish independence referendum
This list notes the number of by-elections by session since 1945-46 and also lists the successful candidate in by-elections since 2005.
This Commons Library Briefing Paper sets out results of the by-elections held in the 2019 Parliament. Full details are presented in the associated PDF but an overview of the recent by-election results are shown below.