This House of Commons Library briefing provides an overview of the current rules and recent reforms to relationships and sex education in English schools.
Relationships and Sex Education in Schools (England) (553 KB, PDF)
On 1 March 2017, the then Education Secretary, Justine Greening, announced her intention to put ‘Relationships and Sex Education’ on a statutory footing. Section 34 of the Children and Social Work Act 2017 provides for relationships and sex education to be taught in all schools in England.
The changes involve:
The Relationships Education, Relationships and Sex Education and Health Education (England) Regulations 2019 confirm that these changes came into force in September 2020. Statutory health education in schools is being brought in as part of these changes.
Final statutory guidance on Relationships education, relationships and sex education (RSE) and health education was published by the Department for Education in June 2019.
The disruption caused by the coronavirus pandemic means that, while the legal provisions came into force on 1 September 2020, schools may delay their introduction of the new requirements until summer 2021 if they not ready to begin teaching the revised subjects in the current circumstances.
The DfE also published a FAQs briefing on the changes.
Information is included in this briefing on the previous setup for Sex and Relationship Education, in place prior to September 2020.
The future of Sex and Relationship Education has been a topic of keen parliamentary interest and wider debate in recent years, and has been the subject of numerous parliamentary debates, legislative proposals and outside campaigns. Section 3 of this briefing provides an overview of developments since the Labour Government’s review of SRE in 2008.
During and following the passage of the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013 there was considerable debate about the implications of the legislation for teachers whose religious beliefs led them to oppose the measure. The then Equalities Minister stated that teachers would be able to describe their belief that marriage is between a man and a woman, while acknowledging that same-sex marriage will be available within the law.
Reforms for schools to ‘actively promote’ British values, prompted fresh concerns from religious organisations that teachers could be required to promote same-sex marriage to which they were opposed. The Government stated that schools should encourage pupils to respect other people, even if they do not agree with them.
This briefing applies to England only.
Relationships and Sex Education in Schools (England) (553 KB, PDF)
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