The United Kingdom constitution – a mapping exercise
A briefing paper which "maps" (or summarises) the main elements of the United Kingdom's uncodified constitution.
Documents to download
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Referendums on the European Union (93 KB , PDF)
Several EU candidate states have held a referendum on joining the EU. EU Treaty amendments, EU enlargement, economic and monetary union, new treaties or new constitutional arrangements have also attracted referendums in some Member States. These may be binding, advisory or consultative.
This Note charts the referendums on EU matters held in candidate and Member States since 1972, with brief details on turnout and results. It also outlines the positions of France and Austria with regard to holding a referendum on EU enlargement.
Please note: this note has been up-dated and replaced by Commons Briefing Paper 7570, Referendums on the European Union.
Documents to download
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Referendums on the European Union (93 KB , PDF)
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Local government in England: structures
This briefing contains basic details of the structure of local government (counties, districts and unitary authorities); the electoral system, ward structures, and the franchise; the divisions of functions between local authorities; and the process for changing local government boundaries and structures.
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The Budget and the annual Finance Bill
This briefing examines the way that Parliament scrutinises the Government's proposals for taxation, set out in the annual Budget statement.
