This paper discusses the way that Parliament scrutinises the Government's proposals for taxation, set out in the annual Budget statement. It looks at how this procedure may be affected by the timing of a General Election, and the decision in 2017 to move the Budget from the Spring to the Autumn. It also provides some suggestions for further reading.
Documents to download
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European Parliament Elections: Turnout trends, 1979-2009 (517 KB, PDF)
As time has passed and the EU has grown in size, European Parliamentary elections have seen a continual decline in turnout since the first direct elections took place in 1979. While turnout in that first election was around 62%, it had fallen to 43% by 2009.
This note looks at the scale of these developments since the first direct election to the European Parliament. It investigates trends that may underscore this decline, notably the relationship between age and voter turnout. It also draws comparisons with national turnout to try to determine whether the trend pertains exclusively to the European Parliament or to elections in general. Finally, it explores potential reasons as to why a smaller and smaller proportion of the electorate is opting to vote.
Documents to download
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European Parliament Elections: Turnout trends, 1979-2009 (517 KB, PDF)
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This briefing sets out the principles of EU rules on state aid and the WTO Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing measures.
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The European Investment Bank lends to projects that contribute to growth and employment within Europe. This briefing gives a short overview of the Bank's membership and operation, and its future relationship with the UK.
