This Commons Library briefing paper presents an overview of UK election results since 1918. It provides summary results for all elections from 1918 to 2022, giving more extensive details about UK general elections. It also includes elections to the European Parliament, devolved legislatures and local government.
Government and local authority resources cannot be used for party political campaigning at any time. In the run up to an election, the pre-election period of sensitivity, particular care is taken. Government departments and councils will normally observe discretion about making new announcements or decisions that could influence voters.
This list notes the number of by-elections by session since 1945-46 and also lists the successful candidate in by-elections since 2005.
Research Briefing
This list identifies all the women who have ever been elected to the House of Commons. They are reported election by election, then in the order in which they were sworn in, when more than one MP was elected on the same day.
Research Briefing
This Commons Library Briefing Paper sets out results of the by-elections held in the 2019 Parliament. Full details are presented in the associated PDF but an overview of the recent by-election results are shown below.
Research Briefing
Electoral swing is a way of comparing the performance of parties at elections. This paper shows how to calculate swing using examples from the 2019 General Election and gives detail of general election swings since 1945 and record by-election swings.
Research Briefing
This Briefing Paper provides information on the eligibility to vote in UK Parliamentary elections for British citizens living overseas and the government's plans to end the 15-year rule - it's 'votes for life' policy.
Research Briefing
A briefing paper on the history, functions and membership of the Privy Council
Research Briefing
This Library Briefing presents statistics on turnout at elections in the UK, including general, local and European Parliament elections and elections to the devolved administrations.
Research Briefing
This briefing paper provides an overview of the different voting systems currently used for elections in the UK.
Research Briefing
A briefing paper on the statutory arrangements for a Regency and Counsellors of State in the event that a monarch is too young to assume all Royal functions, ill or absent from the UK
Debate Pack
A debate has been scheduled in Westminster Hall at 4.30pm on Monday 17 October on e-petition 619781, calling for an early general election. The subject for the debate has been nominated by the Petitions Committee.
Research Briefing
The death of a monarch – and the accession of a new sovereign – involves the Cabinet, the Privy Council, Parliament, Buckingham Palace and the Church of England. This paper outlines the historical precedents for the events that will follow the death of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II
Research Briefing
A briefing paper on the State Opening of Parliament, its history and ceremonial
Research Briefing
A briefing paper on the devolution settlement in Scotland
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