Voting systems in the UK
This briefing provides an overview of the different voting systems currently used for elections in the UK. It also examines the pros and cons of different systems.
By-election timetables
Election rules state elections must be held using a set timetable. This briefing explains the timetable for by-elections to the UK Parliament.
Local Elections 2025: results and analysis
This briefing analyses the results of the Local Elections which took place in England on 1 May 2025.
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Research Briefing
UK parliamentary by-elections since 1945
This list notes the number of by-elections by session since 1945-46 together with a list of the the successful candidates in by-elections since 2005.
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Research Briefing
Women elected to the House of Commons
This list reports all the women who have been elected as MPs to the House of Commons, for each election since 1918 and in the order they were sworn in.
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Research Briefing
The United Kingdom constitution – a mapping exercise
A briefing paper which "maps" (or summarises) the main elements of the United Kingdom's uncodified constitution.
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Research Briefing
Overseas voters
This briefing describes the eligibility to vote in UK Parliament elections for British citizens living overseas.
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Insight
Candidate spending in the 2024 general election
Candidate spending was higher in the 2024 general election than in the 2019 general election. Candidate spending is regulated differently to party spending.
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Research Briefing
Dissolution of Parliament: recent developments
A research briefing examining recent developments in relation to the law concerning the dissolution of Parliament
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Research Briefing
By-elections in the 2024 Parliament
This briefing sets out results of the by-elections held in the 2024 Parliament, including lists of candidates, vote share and voter turnout.
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Research Briefing
The office and role of Speaker
A research briefing on the office and role of the Speaker of the House of Commons
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Research Briefing
Pre-election period of sensitivity
Government and local authority resources cannot be used for party political campaigning at any time. In the run up to an election, the pre-election period of sensitivity, particular care is taken. Government departments and councils will normally observe discretion about making new announcements or decisions that could influence voters.
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Data dashboards
Census data: How do constituencies with different demographics vote?
Explore 2024 general election results and census data for constituencies using our data tool.
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Research Briefing
The Electoral Commission
The Electoral Commission oversees UK elections and political finance. Public approval of the commission is high, but reviews have proposed potential reforms.
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Constituency casework
Implementing local government boundary reviews in England
This constituency casework page explains how local government boundary reviews are implemented in England by the UK Parliament.
Total results (page 1 of 15)