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  1. UK Parliament
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  3. World affairs
  4. Institutions
  5. Page 49

Institutions

  • Research Briefing

    Leaving the EU

    Monday, 01 July, 2013

    The Treaty on European Union provides for a Member State to leave the EU, either on the basis of a negotiated withdrawal agreement or without one. If the UK were to leave the EU following a referendum, it is likely that the Government would negotiate an agreement with the EU, which would probably contain transitional arrangements as well as provide for the UK’s long-term future relations with the EU. There is no precedent for such an agreement, but it would in all likelihood come at the end of complex and lengthy negotiations.

    • Research Briefing
    • Defence policy
    • Economic policy
    • EU institutions
    • EU law and treaties
    • Institutions
    • International law
    • International trade
    • The EU
  • Research Briefing

    Syria: The legality of arming the rebels after the lifting of the EU arms embargo

    Tuesday, 18 June, 2013

    Would arming the Syrian rebels be illegal, notwithstanding the lifting of the EU arms embargo?

    • Research Briefing
    • EU law and treaties
    • Institutions
    • International law
    • Middle East
  • Research Briefing

    UK overseas aid expenditure

    Friday, 14 June, 2013

    This note describes how UK official development assistance (overseas aid) is distributed.

    • Research Briefing
    • International development
    • Public spending
  • Research Briefing

    Political progress in Libya?

    Monday, 10 June, 2013

    Has Libya built on the achievement of successful elections in 2012 to make real progress towards a modern, democratic and secure state?

    • Research Briefing
    • Africa
    • Institutions
  • Research Briefing

    In brief: Iraq abuse judgment of May 2013

    Monday, 10 June, 2013

    • Research Briefing
    • Armed forces
    • Institutions
    • Middle East
  • Research Briefing

    In brief: Kenya after the March 2013 elections

    Wednesday, 05 June, 2013

    The 4 March presidential elections saw Jubilee Alliance candidate Uhuru Kenyatta win a narrow victory in the first round. , Kenyatta and his deputy, William Ruto, are both due to be tried by the International Criminal Court (ICC) in connection with the violence that followed the December 2007 elections. The victory of Kenyatta and Ruto has presented Western governments with a dilemma. While Western rhetorical support for the ICC remains strong, many in Kenya and beyond believe that pressure is being exerted on it ‘behind the scenes’ to soften its position so that the cases do not excessively impede Western cooperation with the new Government.

    • Research Briefing
    • Africa
    • Institutions
    • International organisations
  • Research Briefing

    Disputes over the British Indian Ocean Territory: a survey

    Wednesday, 22 May, 2013

    Between 1968 and 1973 the British Government cleared the entire Chagos Archipelago of its inhabitants, opening the way for a US military base on the biggest island, Diego Garcia. The Archipelago was made a British overseas territory, the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT). Two main disputes have arisen from these events. One has been between the Chagos Islanders and the British Government over the legality of the former’s removal and whether they have a right to return. The other has been between the UK and Mauritius about sovereignty over the BIOT. The UK has said that it will cede sovereignty to Mauritius once the BIOT is no longer required for defence purposes.

    • Research Briefing
    • Institutions
    • Overseas territories
  • Research Briefing

    Burundi: recent political and security developments

    Monday, 13 May, 2013

    Since 2010 President Jean-Pierre Nkurunziza and his CNDD-FDD government have been at loggerheads with the main opposition parties. The stand-off has raised concerns that Burundi’s status as a ‘post-conflict’ country might be in jeopardy. These concerns have been compounded by occasional armed skirmishes between the security forces and remaining rebel groups. However, with the next elections due in 2015, in recent months there has been some progress in terms of promoting political dialogue.

    • Research Briefing
    • Africa
    • Institutions
  • Research Briefing

    Rwanda: recent political and security developments

    Monday, 13 May, 2013

    Paul Kagame and the Rwandan Patriotic Front remain in a dominant position domestically, with parliamentary elections due in September 2013 and presidential elections set for 2017. President Kagame has indicated that he may step down then. But criticism continues of the government's intolerance of open dissent. Rwanda's role in in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo remains controversial too and there is virtually complete consensus across the international community that it has been providing support to rebel groups, including most recently M23.

    • Research Briefing
    • Africa
    • Institutions
    • International organisations
  • Research Briefing

    United Arab Emirates uncovered

    Friday, 26 April, 2013

    The latest development from the oil-rich nation of United Arab Emirates

    • Research Briefing
    • Institutions
    • Middle East
  • Research Briefing

    In brief: the Commonwealth Charter

    Thursday, 18 April, 2013

    On 11 March 2013 in London the Queen signed the Commonwealth Charter. However, while the UK Government has welcomed it, there has been considerable criticism of the Charter on the grounds that it is not legally binding and cannot be effectively enforced. In September 2012 three Commonwealth Nobel Laureates, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Nadine Gordimer and Wole Soyinka had said that a weak and ineffective Charter should not be endorsed. LGBT rights campaigners have also been vocal in signalling disappointment with the final text.

    • Research Briefing
    • Institutions
    • International organisations
  • Research Briefing

    The Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands: tension between Japan and China in the East China Sea

    Tuesday, 16 April, 2013

    Tensions between Japan and China in connection with long-standing rival claims to sovereignty over the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands in the East China Sea have deepened since September 2012, with nationalist sentiment being stirred up in both countries. Taiwan also claims the islands. Japan, which administers the islands, does not accept that there is a dispute to be resolved. China insists that there is. This note briefly summarizes the competing claims and reviews developments over the last six months or so.

    • Research Briefing
    • Asia Pacific
    • Institutions
    • International law
  • Research Briefing

    Venezuela: the Chávez Legacy

    Wednesday, 10 April, 2013

    This note looks at the politics and economics in Venezuela under President Hugo Chávez, his legacy and future prospects for Venezuela.

    • Research Briefing
    • Americas
    • Elections
    • Institutions
  • Research Briefing

    In brief: South Africa – Zuma set for a second term in 2014

    Friday, 15 March, 2013

    In December 2012, at the African National Congress (ANC) conference in Mangaung, President Jacob Zuma was re-elected leader of the party. This makes it virtually inevitable that he will be South Africa’s next President following national elections next year, which the ANC remain overwhelming favourites to win comfortably. Nonetheless, all is far from entirely rosy for Zuma and the ANC. In recent years it has been deeply divided over economic policy, damaged by mounting official corruption and faced with growing discontent from below over its alleged failure to deliver better public services.

    • Research Briefing
    • Africa
    • Institutions
  • Research Briefing

    Independence and Constitutional Referendums Around the World

    Tuesday, 05 March, 2013

    This note looks at independence referendums around the world and referendums on other constitutional arrangements short of full independence in the 20th and 21st centuries.

    • Research Briefing
    • Elections
    • Institutions

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