Constituency data: Child poverty

This page provides constituency and small area-level data on child poverty in the UK.

These figures were published by the HMRC and DWP for the first time in March 2020 and updated in March 2026.

Relative poverty: households with income below 60% of the median (middle) household income. This can be seen as a measure of inequality between low- and middle-income households.

Absolute poverty: households with income below 60% of (inflation-adjusted) median income in 2024/25. This is often used to look at how living standards of low-income households are changing over time.

The median is the point where half of household incomes are higher and half lower.

Note that absolute poverty figures are the same as those for relative poverty in 2024/25 (only), as both are based on whether incomes below 60% of median income in that year.

Income can be measured before or after housing costs are taken into account. This dashboard provides relative and absolute poverty figures before housing costs from 2021/22 and relative poverty after housing costs from 2023/24.

The DWP advises using additional caution when comparing data for 2021/22 with other years and comparing across constituencies, as data collection during coronavirus lockdowns affected data reliability.

Library briefing paper Poverty in the UK: statistics provides more information and statistics at the national and regional level.

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Methodology 

HMRC and DWP published these experimental child poverty statistics for the first time in March 2020.

These statistics are calibrated to the national Households Below Average Income (HBAI) statistics. HBAI data for 2021/22 was collected during coronavirus lockdowns so is less reliable than usual. A full assessment of the impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on these statistics is available in the technical reports. The DWP advises using additional caution when comparing data for 2020/21 and 2021/22 with other years and comparing across constituencies.

A family must have claimed one or more of Universal Credit, Tax Credits or Housing Benefit at some point in the year to be classes as low income in these statistics.

Income is adjusted to account for differences in size and composition in households.

Small area data is for 2021 LSOAs in England and Wales, 2021 data zones in Scotland, and 2021 super data zones in Northern Ireland.

Scottish small area population data is as of the 2022 census.

For small areas, very low child poverty levels are rounded to zero to avoid disclosure of personal information.

Data updates 

Poverty data is usually updated by the DWP in March of each year.

Sources 

Child poverty data: HM Revenue & Customs and Department for Work & Pensions, Children in low income families: local area statistics and Stat-Xplore.
Population data:
Office for National Statistics, Population estimates – Small area based on single year of age, via Nomis
Scotland’s Census, 2022 data zone area data
Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA), 2024 Mid-Year Population Estimates for Small Geographical Areas within Northern Ireland