Research Briefing
This short House of Commons Library Briefing Paper provides a brief overview of the twenty-fourth UN conference on climate change, held in December 2018, including information on the Paris Agreement, the Talanoa Dialogue and the People's Seat.
Research Briefing
This briefing introduces the electricity grid in Great Britain, how it is operated and balanced, and how it may change to meet future energy needs.
Research Briefing
Cavity wall insulation is an effective way to improve energy efficiency with the potential to reduce bills and carbon emissions, and the majority of installations occur without issue. However, the Library is aware of reports of constituent interest in CWI and the issue is raised in Parliament regularly. This briefing has been published to support these reasons and outlines some of the ways issues can be resolved.
Research Briefing
This paper provides links to a selection of debates that have referenced Brexit in the title or during a debate in 2018. This paper will be updated periodically.
Research Briefing
This briefing covers events in Indian-administered Kashmir since 8 July 2016, which have been characterised by a dramatic upsurge in protest and violence on the ground – what some are calling the “worst crisis in a generation”.
Research Briefing
This briefing paper provides information on the decision to restrict entitlement to the housing cost element of Universal Credit for young people aged 18 to 21. On 29 March 2018 the Government announced that restrictions on accessing the housing element would be removed. Regulations have been laid - the relevant provisions will come into force on 31 December 2018.
Research Briefing
This note sets out the background to the creation of the Committee on Standards in Public Life in 1994 and provides details of its recent work. The note looks at its constitutional position and relationship to Parliament.
Research Briefing
Analysis of the latest UK and international economic indicators
Research Briefing
This briefing paper outlines the institutional structure of the EEA, its pros and cons and the debate over withdrawal from the EEA.
Research Briefing
This paper looks at the way in which the self-employed are treated for the purposes of National Insurance, in the context of proposals made in the 2015 Budget to scrap Class 2 National Insurance contributions (NICs), and proposals in the Spring 2017 Budget to increase the rate of Class 4 NICs. In the latter case, the Government cancelled its plans a few days after the Budget, and in the former case announced in September 2018 that it would not proceed with the abolition of Class 2 NICs during this Parliament.
Research Briefing
This Commons Library briefing paper examines the Modernising Defence Programme (MDP) published by the Ministry of Defence in December 2018.
Research Briefing
Push payment scams are a growing form of financial fraud. The industry, financial regulators and the police are working together to try to reduce its impact. This note outlines some current initiatives.
Research Briefing
This Commons Library briefing paper provides the background to Karen Buck's Private Members' Bill on housing fitness, and explains its provisions and amendments made at Committee Stage. The Bill is seeking to require that residential rented dwellings in England are fit for human habitation at the start of the tenancy and thereafter.
Research Briefing
Air passenger duty (APD) is charged on all passenger flights from UK airports. Some regional airports have campaigned for lower rates of tax being charged on flights from the regions.
Research Briefing
This briefing sets out duties on schools in England to safeguard children from extremism, and promote British values, and related policy debates.
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