Research Briefing
The Fixed-term Parliaments Act 2011 creates a five year period between general elections. Early elections may only be held in specified circumstances. The Dissolution and Calling of Parliament Bill 2021-22, currently going through Parliament, would repeal the 2011 Act.
Research Briefing
This briefing examines the ways in which central Government assesses the value for money of its spending programmes, including the new Public Value Framework.
Research Briefing
Covid-19 status certification (also referred to as a "vaccine passport") has been proposed as a means of reducing the risk of transmitting the Covid-19 virus in a number of settings. This briefing explores the Government's policy on certification. It also provides discussion on the scientific evidence and other issues associated with the use of certification.
Research Briefing
This Commons Library briefing paper deals with the Registers of Births and Deaths Bill 2021-22, a Private Member's Bill introduced by Saqib Bhatti. The intention of the Bill is to reform the way in which births and deaths are registered in England and Wales
Research Briefing
In recent years tax avoidance has been the subject of considerable public concern, although there is no statutory definition of what tax avoidance consists of. Tax avoidance is to be distinguished from tax evasion, where someone acts against the law. By contrast tax avoidance is compliant with the law, though aggressive or abusive avoidance, as opposed to simple tax planning, will seek to comply with the letter of the law, but to subvert its purpose.
Research Briefing
This Commons briefing paper explains the law governing the use of Personal Water Craft (PWC) or 'jet skis'.
Research Briefing
An overview of how business interruption insurance policies have been interpreted in the context of the coronavirus pandemic.
Research Briefing
This briefing provides an overview of the legislation which has increased the State Pension age for women born in the 1950s, and the campaigns against it.
Research Briefing
An overview of proceedings on the Health and Care Bill at its Commons committee stage, including a summary of key amendments considered in Public Bill Committee.
Research Briefing
This briefing paper looks at campaign for improved pension rights Gurkhas with service before July 1997
Research Briefing
This briefing summarises the current rules for outside paid employment and how they evolved.
Research Briefing
This briefing looks at how the Bill has changed following Lords stages and ping pong. The Bill has received Royal Assent and is now the Environment Act 2021.
Research Briefing
Education spending peaked in around 2010 at 5.5% of GDP or £104 billion (2019-20 prices). It has fallen since then, but how much of this is due to changes to definitions, where does this leave the UK compared to other countries and how does this fall in spending compare to others over the past seven decades?
Research Briefing
This briefing paper provides information on the progress of The Social Security (Uprating of Benefits) Bill 2021-22. House of Lords amendments are scheduled be considered by the House of Commons on Monday 15 November 2021.
Research Briefing
This briefing provides information on out of area placements for looked after children in England. It also provides information on placements in unregulated and unregistered accommodation.
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