Europe

This landing page features Commons Library briefings on international elections .

This briefing paper provides an overview of the responsibilities of the Joint Committee, established to oversee the UK-EU Withdrawal Agreement. It sets out the tasks that need to be undertaken by the Joint Committee and indicates whether they have been completed.

The Private International Law (Implementation of Agreements) Bill 2019-21 was introduced in the House of Lords in February 2020. It is due to have second reading in the House of Commons on Wednesday 2 September 2020. It would implement arrangements for cross-border legal disputes after the end of the transition period, when EU based arrangements cease to have effect in the UK

This paper provides an update on the UK-EU future relationship negotiations following intensified negotiations in June and July 2020. It explores the prospects for an agreement in time for the end of the post-Brexit transition period on 31 December

The independence movement in the Spanish region of Catalonia provoked a dramatic constitutional crisis in Spain and changed Spain's political scene...

Bilateral agreements aimed at restricting the nuclear arsenals of the United States and the Soviet Union/Russia have been in place since the early 1970s. For the first time in nearly 50 years that nuclear arms control architecture is now potentially heading towards a crisis.

The election of a new president in 2019 raised the prospect of a resolution to the conflict in eastern Ukraine.

The so-called level playing field - rules on competition, state aid, taxation, labour and environmental standards, and climate change - are one of the main causes of disagreement between the UK and EU in the negotiations on their future partnership. This paper explains the commitments that both parties are proposing in these areas in order to come to a deal.

Over 67,000 NHS staff in England are EU nationals - 5.5% of all staff. Overall, 13.8% of NHS staff say that their nationality is not British. Facts and figures on the nationality of NHS staff for doctors, nurses and other groups, and changes since the Brexit vote.

The tables in this paper provide a summary of the UK and EU positions in the future relationship negotiations, based on their proposed draft treaty texts and other publicly available statements

This briefing sets out the timetable for the UK-EU future relationship negotiations. It provides an overview of the debate on whether the post-Brexit transition period should be extended, and explains the process for extending this period.

A number of initiatives to further the EU's Common Security and Defence Policy have been agreed, with the participation of the UK, since the Brexit referendum in 2016. What do they entail and what will be the impact for the UK now that it is no longer an EU Member State?

This paper provides an update on the first three rounds of negotiations on the future UK-EU relationship and analysis of the draft new partnership treaty tabled by the EU in March 2020